Dumping mechanism



Nov. 38 1926. 1,608,959

R. RADDATZ DUMPING -MECHANI SM Filed Nov. 1, 1919 2 Sheets-She et 1wit??? Nov. 30, 1926. 1,608,959

R. RADDATZ DUMPING MECHANI SM Filed Nov. 1, 9 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 PatentedNov. 30, 1926. i

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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Application filed l lovember 1, 1919. Serial 30. 335,211.

My invention relates to im rovements in. (lumping mechanisms for'vehmlesincluding motor trucks, railway cars, and other vehi-x "c'les, withparticular reference to mecha: nSInS operated by hydraulic-power.Manufacturers andu sers cif such vehicles insist upon certainrequirements as to location and as to space, which involve placing thehy'-' draulic cylinder or jack in a horizontal position between the mainframe andthe'body of the vehicle and cojnnectingthe piston or pistonswith the body in such a manner that the connections can fold when -thepiston is retracted, and allow the entire apparatus to occupy a spacedirectl vbelow e body, and above the bottom 0 the main frame; In fact,it is desirable that all parts ofthe lifting mechanism be locatedabove'the central horizontal plane of the frame bar's.

In some devices of-the described class as heretofore constructed, the.weight of the 7 body and its loadis carried by the actuating by a rapiddecrease'in such resistance dur liqul connections'in such a manner as tooffer a very (great resistance to the piston actuating pump, and motor,during the initial stages of the dumping movement, followed ing thesucceeding stages, as the center of gravity approaches the vertical laneof the pivotal axis upon whichthe bo y swings to Its dumping position.

The objectof this invention is to provide means for distributing thework or resist-- ance offered by the load and the body in such a mannerthat the load upon the motor,

the pump, and the jack may be substantially -or nearly uniform thruoutthevmajor por-.

tion of the body lifting, swinging, or dumptil) ing operation; to rovidemeans whereby the body may be initially lifted and swung toward thedumping position vslowly and with great power, the movement accelerating in inverse proportion to the load carried by the lifting connectionsuntil the body approaches the dumping position, after which the movementmaybe progressively retarded until the final dumping'position isreached;

to provide a structure of simple character.

to normally occupy minimum space with no depending members orprojections extending materially below the central horizontal plane ofthejmain frame; to provide simple and durable dum ing mechanismwhichcanbe eas ly contro ed and the dumping operation reglated to any desireddegree, and to propiston 2, contained vide simple means for avoiding thedifliculties heretofore experienced with foam and sediment in theoperation of mechanisms of this ty V In til drawings- Figure 1 is afragmentary view showing ures 1 and 2, illustrating a modified form ofview.

Like parts are identified by the same reference characters thruout theseveral views.

In Figure 1 the jack cylinder 1 is mounted upon the main frame with itsaxis horizontally and lon itudinally disposed. A within this cylinder,is

construction having the same objects in provided with a crank actuatingheadpiece 4 having an inclined working face 5 adapted to engage anvanti-frictional roller 6 carried by a crank 7 rigidly connected withthe shaft 8. The crank 7 is enclosed within a e asin" member 9,preferably integral with the cy inder. The shaft 'pnojects thru thiscasing on each side and respective end portions are rovided with arms10, each connected by llnks 11 with the side bars 12 of the body frame,these links being preferably pivoted to a: cross shaft 13, the ends ofwhich are mounted in said side bars 12.

The body frame is pivotally connected withthe main frame at 15, wherebyits front end may be lifted and swung to the dotted line 'osition inwhich it is indicated in Fi 1,'w1th the rear end tipping downwar y for adumping operation. This connection between the main. frame and the bodyframe 1 conforms to ordinary practice, but it will be observedthatwhenthe iston 2is actuated rearwardly from its full line position inFig. 1, the headpiece 4 will exert pressure upon the roller 6 not onlyalong the llhe of ist-on movement,-. but it will also tend to, pusunderneath the roller with'a wedging action which will rbe veryeffective in causin the crank toswing upwardly and rearwar y in, the areof its'oscillation with varying me ch'anical. advantage as the crallkmoves upwardly, thereby varying the resultant force creases and duringthe middle portion of the.

headpiece, but this will occur at a time when the load is approachingthe dumping position and the toggle action ofthe arms 10 and links Hismost effective for transmission of power with minimum motion. It will beobserved that during the initial stages of the body lifting operationthe cross shaft 13 oocupies a position a substantial distance to therear of the pivotal connections 19 between the links 11 and the arms 10.The effect of this arrangement is, therefore, to carry the 1 loadinitially upon relatively short arms connected with the transverse shaft8, but as the 7 weight of the load shifts to the pivotal axis 15, thelinks 11 swing toward a vertical position, the effective length of thearms 10 instroke a considerable acceleration in the swinging movement ofthe body takes place,

due to the relative outward movementof the links. But on the approach ofthe toggle members 10 and 11 toward a position of alinement, the finalswinging movement of the body is again retarde By employing a piston 2which has a bear ing area of considerable length upon the 'inner surfaceof the cylinder 1 and by providing a comparatively short connection 22between the piston proper and the actuating head 4, the resultant lineof reactionary pressure is brought well within the bearing surface ofthe piston. This avoids any injurious tendency to a dis lacement of thepiston or the development 0 cramping effects within the cylinder due tothe resultant pres, sures, developed by the wedging action of the head 4as above described. I preferably vary the inclination of the lowerportlon of the inclined surface 5 as indicated at 23, this portion ofsaid surface being more nearly horizontal than the portion above it,whereby the lifting action is most effective while overcoming theinertia of the body and its load,i. e., during the initial stages of thedumping movement.

The pump 25 may be assumed to be of any ordinary type adapted-todischarge oil or other liquid into the cylinder 1 thru a duct 26. v Thecylinder head 27 is preferably enlarged, and provided with a cavity 28,the lower portion of which, is depressed below the inner surface ofthecylinder proper, and in the construction, shown this cavity is anannular cavity of somewhat greater diameter than that of the pistonreceiving portion of the cylinder. ,The inlet duct 26 connects with thiscavity at the to and I have illustrated a connection 30 between thecrank case 9 and the amp along the under side of the cylinder, adaptedto allow the pump to draw liquid from the crank case and force it intothe cylinder thru the duct 26. Another duct 32 connects duct 26 with thecrank case along the upper side of the cylinder, but thefiow'of'hquidthru' this duct is controlled by a manually operable valveat 33. After the vehicle body has been raised to dumping position thisvalve 33 may be opened to allow the body to return by gravity to itsnormal or load receiving position. The degree to which the valve isopened will, of course, determine the rapidity of thismovement. It is,also, possible for'the operator to partially open th1s valve 'during anystage of the dumping operation if it should appear that the movement ofthe body is too rapid.

I attach considerable importanceto the location of the return duct 32above the cylinderl and to the arrangement of this duct as a means ofcommunication between the upper portion of the cylinder and the crankcase, whereas the supply duct of the pump extends along the under sideof the cylinder and connects the bottom portion of the crank case withthe-pump. This arrangement allows any foam developed durmg the pumpingoperation to pass out of.

the cylinder in advance of the oil, and in the next operation no foamwill be drawn into the pump for the reason that it would necessarily beat the top ofvthe oil in the crank case, whereas the pump supplyconnection leads from the bottom of the said caseQ i Referring now toFigs. 3 and 4, it will be observed that the construction is the same asthat disclosed in Figs. 1 and 2, and the same reference characters areapplied to the corresponding parts except that in place of the arms 10and links 11 shown, in Figs. 1 and 2, I rovide the crank shaft 8 withmore extende arms 36, each adapted to bear against a roller 37journalled -on a cross shaft 38 corresponding with the cross shaft 13 inFigs. 1 and 2. The bearing margins or working faces 39 of the arms 36are in a horizontal plane when the arms are in normal position. Thisnecessitates curving the rear ends of the arms so that they may beconnected with the oscillatory crank shaft 8 at the lower level whichthat shaft occupies in order to allow clearance for the crank arm 7. Inthe structure shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the operation is substantially thesame as in Figs. 1 and 2 as above explained except that during theintermediate portion of the movement the acceleration is not as reat andthere is no such retarding action uring the final portion ofthe movementas isytlie case where'the structure disclosed in Flgs. 1 and 2 isluse'd.For thesereasons and J s also for'the reasonthat the structure disclosedin'Figs. 1 and 2 ositively limits the swinging movement-of t e body, Iprefer the a structure first described, altho in. all other particu1ars,the modified structure is a substantial equivalent. I Itwill be observedthat the inclination of the bearing surfaces of the arms 36-to a radialline extending fromthe crank shaft thru the connection of the armtherewith is a factor in determining the rate of move-f ment of the bodyat any given stage of the ment except the final body' retardingmovement. 1 I r y ,Briefly reviewing the operation of my improvedmechanism it will be understood that the pump ma be actuated from theengine motor, any ot er suitable source of power to draw liquid from thecrank case thru the connection or duct and force it into the cylinderthru the duct 26, the valve 33 being closed under normal conditions.After the body has been raised to dumping posi-' tion the pump willordinarily be stopped and the body will be held in the raised positionby, the-liquid until the valve 33 is. opened to allow the liquid in thec linder e c during the final or any stage of the body lifting movementand the liquid may then be allowed to circulate. Under these conditionsthe pump might continue to,o rate after the tilting. movement of the boy has been completed, but in modern practice it iscommon to providemeans whereby the body in its final lifting movement 'discon: nccts thepump from the motor or provides automatic means for. allowing the liquidto circulate. Such constructions being in common use and form no part ofmy invention, it is unnecessary to illustrate them in the drawings ofthis application."

' I claim:

1; Dum ing mechanism for vehicles, in-- cluding t e combination with acrank, mechanism operatively arranged to actuate the vehicle body, of areciprocatory wedge, adapted to engage and actuate the crank, and powerconnections for actuating the wedge. v a

2. Dumping mechanism for vehicles, including the combination with acrank,

mechanism operatively arranged to actuate the vehicle body, of areciprocatory wedge,

adapted to engage and actuate the crank,

and means for actuating the wedge, along a line which is a secant to thecrank, said crank having a bearing member in movable engagement with theworking face of the wedge.

3. Dumping mechanism for vehicles, including the combination with acrank, mechanism operatively arranged to actuate the vehicle body, of areciprocatory wedge,

adaptedto engage and actuate the crank,

and hydraulic means for actuating the wedge-said wedge having aninclined hearing surface ada ted to engage and lift the crank arm whi epushing against it alon a secant line of the arc in which the cran armswings. I

4, Dumping mechanism for vehicles, including the combination with acrank shaft having an arm 0 eratively arranged to actuate the vehicle yjat accelerating speed during the first portion of its dumping-movement, and while the motor is being operated at substantiallyuniform speed, said shaft being provide with a power re ceiving arm, andhydraulic actuating means including a pushing head having an inclinedsurface adapted to bear against said arm,

and cause it to swing while moving along a line which is a secant to thearc of swinging movement.

5. Dumping mechanism for vehicles including the combination with anoscillatory power receiving crank arm, a. cooperating cad arm connectedto oscillate therewith, a load carrying member, a folding toggle linkconnection between the load arm and load carrying member adapted as theload carrying member is actuated to initially extend the effectiveradius of the load arm and then swing toward a position of alignmentwith said load arm, and means for actuating the ower receiving crank armwith maximum initial and progressively decreasing mechanical advantage.

6. In a dumping mechanism, the combination with a tiltable load carryingbody, a crank having an arm operatively connected to lift the body withrelatively varying speed, and crank actuating mechanism ada ted toactuate the crank with varying mcc anical advantage.

7 "Dumping mechanism for vehicle bodies, including the combination witha crank shaft having an arm operatively arranged to actuate the vehiclebody, of a cylinder provided with a piston, a power receiving armconnected with the crank shaft, and a head piece connected with thepiston and provided with an inclined bearing surface adapted to engagethe power receiving arm, and to press. against the arm' directly along asecant line :of the arc in which the arm swings and indirectly with awed ing action outwardly from said line along t e curve of such are. I i

8. Dumping mechanism for vehicle bodies, including the combination witha crank shaft havin an arm operatively arranged to actuate t e vehiclebody, of a cylinder with -a crank case, a crank shaft extending carriedby. the 'main provided with a piston, a power receiving arm connectedwith the crank shaft, and a headpiece connected with the piston and pro-"vided with an inclined bearing surface adapted to engage the powerreceiving'arm,

and to press against the arm directly along a secant line of the arc inwhich the arm swings and indirectly with a wedging action outwardly fromsaid line along the curve of such are, and connections between saidshaft and the vehicle body, adapted to transmitthe motion of the shaftwith relatively accelerating speed to'the body during the major portionof the dumping movement. I

9. Dumping mechanism for vehicles including thecombination with a mainframe and a tilting body pivotally connected'therewith, of ahorizontallfy disposed cylinder carried by the main rame and providedtransversely thru the case and provided with end arms linked to the bodyand also having a powerreceiving arm enclosed in the cran case, a pistonin the cylinder and adapted to actuate the power receiving arm.

10. Dumping mechanism for vehicles including the combination with a mainframe and a tilting body pivotally connected theredisposed cylinder rameand provided with a crank case, a crank shaft extending transverselythru the case'andprovided with with, of a horizontall end arms linked tothe bod and also havin W apower receivipg arm enc osed in the cran case,a piston in the cylinder and adapted'to actuate the power receivingarm,a pump arranged to draw, liquid fromthe bottom ,portion of the crankcase and deliver it to the working end-of the c linder and a valvedreturn duct leading mm the crank with, of a horizontall case, above theaxis of the cylinder to the inlet thereof. 1

11. Dumping mechanism for vehicles including the combination with a mainframe and a tilting body pivotall connected thereisposed cylindercarried by the main rame and provided with acrank case, acrankishaft'extenjding transversely thru the caseand provided with endarms linkedto'the body and also having a power receiving arm enclosed inthe crank case, a piston inthe cylinder and adapted to actuate the powerreceiving arm, a pump arranged to draw liquid from-the bottom portionof'the crank case "and tieliver it to the workin end of the cylinder anda valved retu carried by the main m duct leading from the crank case,above the axis of the cylinder to the inlet thereof, the working end ofthe cylinder being enlarged to provide-a sediment receiving pocket.

12. Dumping mechanism for vehicles including the combination with a mainframe and a tilting body pivotally connected therewith, of a horizontalldisposed cylinder with a crank case, a crank shaftextending transverselythru the case andi'provided withrame and provided body actuating memberhaving a crank arm and an unconnected actuatin member provided with aninclined face a apted to move w th a wedging action against andunderneath said arm to lift and swing the latter.

14. In a dumping mechanism, the combination with a tiltable loadcarrying body, a crank having a toggle arm connected with the body andadapted to lift with initial ac celerating speed relative to that of thecrank and with final reducing speed, and crank actuating mechanism adated to actuate the crank with maximum initial and progressively reducingmechanical advantage.

' 15, In a device of the character described, the combination with atiltable body, of a rotor provided with an arm, a link pivotallyconnected withsaid body and with said arm and adapted to comprise withsaid arm a toggle mechanism so sitioned and proportioned as to tilt sai'body as said armis rotated toward a position of extended alignment withsaid link and to lower said bod s said arm is rotated toward a position0 retracted alignment with said lmk, a' reciprocable power operatedmember, and motion transmitting connections between said member and saidrotor ada ted to acton said rotor withvarying mec anical advantage. y

. 16. In a device of the character described, the'combination with atiltable body, of'a --rotor provided with an arm, a link pivotally.

connected with'said bodysand with said arm and adapted to comprisewith-said arm a toggle mechanism so ositioned and proportioned as totilt sai bodyas said arm-is rotated toward a position of extendedalignment with said link and to lower said body as said. arm is rotatedtoward a position of retracted. alignment. with said link, a.reciprocable power operated member, and motion transmitting connectionsbetween said member and said rotor ada ted to act on saidjrotor withvarying mec amcal advantage, said connections including a crank movableapproximately 90 from a position near to dead center. 7

17. In a device of the character described, 5 the combination with atiltable body,.of a rotor provided with an arm, a link pivotallyconnected with said body and with said arm and-adapted to comprise withsaid arm a toggle mechanism so ositioned and proportioned as to tiltsaid body as said arm is rotated toward aposition of extended alignmentwith said link and to lower said body as said arm is rotated towardaposition of retracted alignment with said link, a reciprocable poweroperated member, and motion transmitting connections between said memberand said rotor adapted to act on said rotor with varying mechanicaladvanta c, said connections including a crank mova 1e approximately 90from a position near to dead center, and a reciprocable inclined planeadapted simultaneously to lift and push said crank.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

RICHARD RADDATZ.

